The Seventh Army was being disbanded and Patton had been appointed Military Governor of Bavaria, placing the matter in his hands. He also talked about some time in Italy and to the best of my knowledge (granted I am no expert) the 42nd was never in Italy. [120] In its place, the independent 45th Infantry Brigade (Separate) was established. Some of those photos match the area where Operation Dragoon was executed. On 16 June, the 45th Division withdrew for rest in preparation for other operations. B Company, 325th Engineer Combat
To access these records for the 1940s, you will need to either make an appointment to visit the National Archives at St. Louis or hire a researcher. "Train, No. [95], On 1 September 1950,[96] the 45th Infantry Division was activated as the first National Guard division to be deployed to the Far East theater since World War II. Over the course of its history, the 45th Infantry Division sustained over 25,000 battle casualties, and its men were awarded ten Medals of Honor, twelve campaign streamers, the Croix de Guerre and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation. The 4th Armored Division was activated during World War II on 15 April 1941 with 3,800 men (10,000 by the end of May 1941) from various other units, at Pine Camp (Camp Drum, 1951; Fort Drum, 1974), New York under its first Commanding General, Brigadier General Henry W. Baird.. World War II. Platoon, D Company), 47th Tank Battalion, 14th Armored Division, 47th Tank Battalion, 14th Armored Division (less
& 3rd Battalions), 3rd Battalion, 36th Engineer Combat
We hope this is helpful. The Division fought defensively along the German border, withdrawing to the Moder River. In some of these cars there were more than enough to cover the floors. Screen shot attached. In the first two cases, dubbed the Biscari massacre, occurred on 14 July 1943, American troops from C Company, 180th Infantry Regiment, were alleged to have shot 74 Italian and two German prisoners in Acate following the capture of an airfield in the area. One possible method of researching his assignments is to start with the morning resorts for the last unit to which he was assigned, which would be the HQ & HQ Company 290 Infantry Regiment. Originally organized in the continental U.S. in 1917, this organization sailed to the Philippines with all of its records and colors. [22] The division, now commanded by Major General Troy H. Middleton, a Regular Army soldier and highly distinguished World War I veteran, moved to the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation's Camp Patrick Henry to await combat loading on the transports. I've often thought he may have been attached to the 75th after they were sent south to the Colmar Pocket, and when that was over, and the 75th went back north, Dad was transferred out to - my best guess at the time - the 3rd Division. [16] In August 1941, the 45th Infantry Division took part in the Louisiana Maneuvers, the largest peacetime exercises in U.S. military history. 9, commanded by Major Kirk A. Meaders, and carrying personnel of, our Third Battalion and five Officers and 95 Enlisted Men of the 120th, When I have time, Jon, I will look through the General Orders of the 180th. [49] The 45th, 36th, and 3rd Infantry Divisions were pulled from the line in Italy in preparation for Operation Dragoon (formerly Anvil), the invasion of southern France. . A row of small cement structures near the prison entrance contained a coal-fired crematorium, a gas chamber, and rooms piled high with naked and emaciated human corpses. [94] The involvement of the National Guard in the fighting in Korea was further expanded when the 40th Infantry Division of the California Army National Guard received warning orders for deployment as well. One story I often share to illustrate how we have to look at the stories left by soldiers and their families helps illustrate the problem. They worked their way up the East coast in their quest to reach Messina. ", This page was last edited on 9 January 2023, at 02:37. [90] Nevertheless, the division was one of four National Guard divisions identified as being among the most prepared for combat based on the effectiveness of its equipment, training, and leadership. Sheeran explained that by then, he "had no hesitation in doing what I had to do. In 1940, the "Thunderbird" division was reactivated and deployed in late June 1943 to North Africa. As I turned to look over the prison yard with unbelieving eyes, I saw a large number of dead inmates lying where they had fallen in the last few hours or days before our arrival. [55] On 17 February the division was pulled off the line for rest and training. [115] Chinese forces continued to mount concentrated attacks on the lines of the UN forces, including the 45th Infantry Division, but the division managed to hold most of its ground, remaining stationary until the end of the war in the summer of 1953. Just that, no other details. "On 20 May, the Regiment was incorporated under the Dachau Area, Command. In addition to burying the dead, the Allied forces attempted to help and comfort the survivors with food, clothing and medical assistance. The 45th Infantry Museum honors not just their service, but that of all Oklahomans. The 45th Division was deployed on the southeastern side of the beachhead, along the lower Mussolini Canal.[45]. Anzio - Operation Shingle, 22 January- 24 May, 1944: The 45th began landing at Anzio on 22 January, 1944, with the 179th Regiment seeing the Division's first action of the campaign at Aprilia, also known as "the factory" on 27 January. In World War II, following stateside training at Camp Barkley, Fort Sill, Camp Devens, the 45th Infantry Division landed in Sicily on 10 July 1943. [59][60][61], In a third incident, the Army considered court-martialling several officers of the 157th Infantry Regiment under Lieutenant Colonel Felix L. Sparks after servicemen were accused of massacring German soldiers who were surrendering at the Dachau concentration camp in 1945. It's like a window back in time. I think that means he would have been in one of the artillery units for the 45th Infantry Division, but I don't know where to find a roster to check. The division received seven distinguished unit citations and eight campaign streamers during the conflict. For more information see Official Military Personnel Files (OMPF), Archival Records Requests. The 45th moved north to the Sarreguemines area and smashed through the Siegfried Line. Headquartered for most of its history in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, the guardsmen fought in both World War II and the Korean War. Cutting across the country, the unit was sent to southern France in August 1944. His discharge of course just general information, various theaters served in, listing him attached to HQ CO 290 INF, 75th DIV, but that didn't explain the 3rd DIV patch on his uniform. I'm trying to find information on my great grandfather's service in WWII. Later that month, it was given 4,006 new recruits for its three infantry regiments and artillery assets, and each unit created a 14-week training program to prepare these new soldiers for combat. With the American entry into World War I, in April 1917, troops of the National Guard were formed into the units which exist today, with elements of the Colorado National Guard forming the 157th Infantry Regiment, the Arizona National Guard forming the 158th Infantry Regiment, and the New Mexico National Guard forming the 120th Engineer Regiment. You may experience a delay in receiving an initial acknowledgment as well as a substantive response to your reference request from RL-SL. I came on this site hoping to find a clue to Dad's whereabouts in Germany after crossing the Rhine, but I have to say I don't appreciate him being dismissed as every Tom, Dick, and Harry. Circumstance may have prevented that. The 179th Infantry and a tank battalion of CCA tried to recapture Aprilia but were repulsed. Re: Seeking roster for 45th Infantry Division Dave Kerr Nov 30, 2022 12:50 PM ( in response to Katie Geuin ) Katie, I checked the 29 June 1945 Division Roster as well as my General Orders' Worksheet and did not find your dad's name. If you havent already done so, we suggest that you request a copy of his, . In conjunction with the reenacting unit is a Venturing Crew of the Boy Scouts of America, allowing members of the unit who are under 18 years of age to participate in events. [37], On 3 September 1943, Italy surrendered to the Allied powers. The 45th Infantry Division guardsmen saw no major action until they became one of the first National Guard units activated in World War II in 1941. On 16 February, a major German attack struck the 45th, and nearly broke through the 179th Infantry on 18 February. [87][88], Initially, the division was used to provide a pool of reinforcements for the divisions which had been sent to the Korean War theater, and in January 1951 it provided 650 enlisted fillers for overseas service. Based in Oklahoma City and one of the first National Guard units to be activated for World War II, from the shores of France and all the way to Berlin liberating Dachau along the way, they later served in the brutal Korean War. Please type your message and try again. Dad's photo or name is not in the book. We have no records for him other than his registration card and photos. Armored Division, 409th Infantry Regiment, 103rd Infantry
[10] In 1937, the division's troops were once again called up, this time to help manage a locust plague affecting Colorado. Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Sicily. See, for instructions. For more information about these records, please contact the National Archives at St. Louis (RL-SL) at stl.archives@nara.gov. [108], Initially, the division did not fare well, though it improved quickly. During World War II the 45th Infantry Division fought in eight campaigns in the European Theater of Operations, from 9 July 1943 through 11 May 1945. In the Dachau camp itself, an international committee composed of representatives of the various nationalities imprisoned there was established to organize resistance. In size, these cars were of the small European type, which, when used for the movement of troops, would never accommodate more than 40 men. Division (105mm Howitzer), 01.12.1944-03.12.1944 & 20.01.1945-07.02.1945, 12.03.1945-20.03.1945 & 30.03.1945-01.04.1945, 06.11.1944-09.11.1944 & 28.11.1944-05.12.1944, 313th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry
We apologize for this inconvenience and appreciate your understanding and patience as we balance mission-critical work and the safety of our staff during the pandemic. Fearing political ramifications, Army leaders sought to prevent large numbers of casualties from any one state, and the 45th Infantry Division was an all-Oklahoma organization at the beginning of the war. Read more about the division insignia and there nickname. [7] It was assigned the 89th Infantry Brigade of the Colorado and Arizona National Guards, and the 90th Infantry Brigade of the Oklahoma National Guard. [84] Regardless, by mid-1950 the division had only 8,413 troops, less than 45 percent[n 1] of its full-strength authorization. Please turn JavaScript back on and reload this page. [8] The 45th Infantry Division was then based around the 157th, 179th, and 180th Infantry Regiments. TTY: 202.488.0406, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, DC, The Holocaust and World War II: Key Dates, Wannsee Conference and the "Final Solution", Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution, Gleichschaltung: Coordinating the Nazi State, War Refugee Board: Background and Establishment, Holocaust Survivors and Victims Resource Center. [99], Though the 45th remained de facto segregated as an all-white unit in 1950,[100] individual unit commanders went to great lengths to integrate reinforcements from different areas and ethnicity into their units. [45] The next three months were spent on the defensive, with the 45th engaged in trench warfare, alike to that in World War I. Some of the German troops were camp guards; the others were sick and wounded troops from a nearby hospital. [101] By 1952, it was fully integrated. The 45th Infantry Division was formed in 1924 from National Guard units in the southwestern United States. [41] Until 9 January 1944, the division, now under Major General William W. Eagles (replacing Major General Middleton who, struck down with arthritis, was sent to England to command VIII Corps in the Normandy invasion), inched forward into the mountains reaching St. Elia, north of Monte Cassino, before moving to a rest area. Campaigns of the 45th Infantry Division: Naples-Foggia. [17] The division was assigned to VIII Corps with the 2nd Infantry Division and the 36th Infantry Division, camped near Pitkin, Louisiana. The Dachau massacre and other reprisal killings of concentration camp guards and trustee inmates. Command Posts. [105] In the spring, the division launched Operation Counter, which was an effort to establish 11 patrol bases around Old Baldy Hill. The local townspeople were brought in to give the dead prisoners a proper burial. To search PDF documents, download and open in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC Adobe is unable to convert all 75 year old text to searchable text. 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